Either what is it to be human or how is a good life achieved.
The purpose of the essay is to explore the philosophical process. This requires going into the readings and the assignments with an open mind. What is it to be human? For Russell and Plato, to be human is to wonder and explore the intellectual possibilities of life. Later in our readings we will see that Buddha agrees with Aristotle that to be human is to live a life of moderation. We will also see that for Confucius and the Bhagavad-Gita, to be human is to follow duty. All imply that to be human not only is to think beyond what is merely needed to survive, but also requires a sense of responsibility: intellectual honesty/open mindedness, moderation/rejection of extremism, and public and private duty towards others. With that being said, what do you believe are the qualities that distinguish us as human beings? Use the readings from the textbook as a beginning place to come up with your own version of what it means to be human. You are welcome to use the existing qualities listed above, add your own, or come up with a totally different set of criteria. Whatever the outcome, the grade for your essay will depend heavily on the logic of your justification for the qualities you present. How is a good life achieved? Buddha believes we should start with the recognition that we are part of an interrelated universe. Lao Tzu takes the interrelated nature of the universe to its most mystical depths. Confucius concentrates on the way we are a part of social structures. Plato believes we need to focus on the rational life, and Aristotle believes we should focus on the long-term development of virtue. How do you answer the question of what makes life worthwhile? Is it the Buddhist insistence of compassion and”do no harm”? Is it the cyclical nature of reality according to Taoism? Is it the Confucian notion that “we are all members of a larger social community with responsibilities to all”? Is it Plato’s questioning (“the unexamined life is not worth living”)? Is it Aristotle’s goal oriented happiness itself? Would you combine aspects of two or more or come up with something totally different? Do not appeal to authority to justify your view. Saying something is right or good because it is the law, or because it comes from your religion, or because it is tradition, or because Mom said so, does not constitute a justification. That only tells us the source, not why it is right. The same goes for rejecting ideas because they are from another religion, or another country, or said by someone from another race. “Good” and “Right” ethics are determined by their justifiability – not their source. Giving a source as your justification (for example: “The Bible says…”), will result in a “0” for the essay.work file:///home/chronos/u-0a69d507486e218ca3886143fd1d289f293c4dcb/Downloads/101%20Text%20fall%202017%20Final%20Draft%20(1).pdf
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